Access Groups

Access groups provide fine-grained permission control for Total CMS, allowing you to restrict what users can access and modify in both the admin dashboard and via the REST API.

Overview

Access groups work at two levels:

Middleware Enforcement: Routes are protected by middleware that checks permissions before allowing access
UI Controls: Template helper functions hide/show UI elements based on permissions

Super admin users (members of the admin group in the default auth collection) bypass all access checks automatically.

Access Group Structure

Access groups are defined in tcms-data/.system/access-groups.json:

{
    "groups": [
        {
            "id": "editor",
            "description": "Blog and news editor",
            "permissions": {
                "collectionsMeta": {
                    "operations": ["read"],
                    "all": false,
                    "allowed": ["blog", "news"]
                },
                "collections": {
                    "operations": ["create", "read", "update", "delete"],
                    "all": false,
                    "allowed": ["blog", "news"]
                },
                "schemas": {
                    "operations": ["read"],
                    "all": false,
                    "allowed": ["blog", "news"]
                },
                "templates": true,
                "mailer": false,
                "playground": true,
                "docs": true,
                "utils": {
                    "all": false,
                    "allowed": ["cache-manager"]
                },
                "settings": {
                    "all": false,
                    "allowed": []
                }
            }
        }
    ]
}

CRUD Operations

Total CMS uses CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations for fine-grained permission control:

create - Create new resources/objects
read - View/list/fetch resources
update - Modify existing resources
delete - Delete/remove resources

These operations replace the older HTTP method approach and provide clearer, more intuitive permission control.

Permission Types

Collections

Collections have two separate permission levels:

Collection Metadata (`collectionsMeta`)

Controls access to managing collection definitions (creating/editing/deleting collections themselves):

"collectionsMeta": {
    "operations": ["read", "update"],
    "all": false,
    "allowed": ["blog", "news"]
}

create - Create new collections
read - View collection definitions
update - Edit collection settings
delete - Delete collections

Collection Objects (`collections`)

Controls access to objects within collections:

"collections": {
    "operations": ["create", "read", "update", "delete"],
    "all": true,
    "allowed": []
}

create - Create new objects
read - View/list objects
update - Edit objects
delete - Delete objects
all - If true, access all collections; if false, only those in allowed
allowed - Array of specific collection IDs

Schemas

"schemas": {
    "operations": ["create", "read", "update", "delete"],
    "all": false,
    "allowed": ["blog", "product"]
}

create - Create new schemas
read - View schemas
update - Edit schemas
delete - Delete schemas
all - If true, access all schemas; if false, only those in allowed
allowed - Array of specific schema names

Templates

"templates": true  // or false

Simple boolean for full access or no access to templates. Templates don't have granular CRUD permissions.

Settings

"settings": {
    "all": false,
    "allowed": ["general", "cache"]
}

all - If true, access all settings sections
allowed - Array of specific setting section names (e.g., "general", "cache", "auth", "mailer")

Utils

"utils": {
    "all": false,
    "allowed": ["cache-manager", "jumpstart"]
}

all - If true, access all utility pages
allowed - Array of specific utility page names

Boolean Permissions

Simple true/false for features without granular control:

mailer - Access to mailer/email functionality
playground - Access to Twig playground
docs - Access to documentation

Twig Helper Functions

Total CMS provides helper functions to check permissions in your templates, allowing you to hide/show UI elements based on the current user's access groups.

Collections

Check specific collection object access:

{% if cms.canAccessCollection('blog', 'read') %}
    <a href="/admin/collections/blog">View Blog Posts</a>
{% endif %}

{% if cms.canAccessCollection('blog', 'create') %}
    <a href="/admin/collections/blog/new">New Post</a>
{% endif %}

{% if cms.canAccessCollection('blog', 'update') %}
    <button>Edit Post</button>
{% endif %}

{% if cms.canAccessCollection('blog', 'delete') %}
    <button class="delete">Delete Post</button>
{% endif %}

Check general collection object access:

{% if cms.canAccessCollectionsOperation('read') %}
    <p>You can view collections</p>
{% endif %}

Check collection metadata access:

{% if cms.canAccessCollectionMeta('blog', 'read') %}
    <a href="/admin/collections/blog/settings">View Collection Settings</a>
{% endif %}

{% if cms.canAccessCollectionMeta('blog', 'update') %}
    <button>Edit Collection Settings</button>
{% endif %}

{% if cms.canAccessCollectionMeta('blog', 'delete') %}
    <button class="delete">Delete Collection</button>
{% endif %}

Check general collection metadata access:

{% if cms.canAccessCollectionsMetaOperation('read') %}
    <a href="/admin/collections">View Collections List</a>
{% endif %}

{% if cms.canAccessCollectionsMetaOperation('create') %}
    <a href="/admin/collections/new">New Collection</a>
{% endif %}

Get list of accessible collections:

{% for collection in cms.getAccessibleCollections('read') %}
    <li>{{ collection }}</li>
{% endfor %}

Schemas

Check specific schema access:

{% if cms.canAccessSchema('blog', 'read') %}
    <a href="/admin/schemas/blog">View Blog Schema</a>
{% endif %}

{% if cms.canAccessSchema('blog', 'update') %}
    <a href="/admin/schemas/blog/edit">Edit Schema</a>
{% endif %}

{% if cms.canAccessSchema('blog', 'delete') %}
    <button class="delete">Delete Schema</button>
{% endif %}

Check general schemas access:

{% if cms.canAccessSchemasOperation('read') %}
    <a href="/admin/schemas">View Schemas</a>
{% endif %}

{% if cms.canAccessSchemasOperation('create') %}
    <a href="/admin/schemas/new">New Schema</a>
{% endif %}

Templates

Check templates access (boolean):

{% if cms.canAccessTemplates() %}
    <a href="/admin/templates">Templates</a>
{% endif %}

Utils

Check specific utils page:

{% if cms.canAccessUtil('cache-manager') %}
    <a href="/admin/utils/cache-manager">Cache Manager</a>
{% endif %}

{% if cms.canAccessUtil('jumpstart') %}
    <a href="/admin/utils/jumpstart">JumpStart</a>
{% endif %}

Check general utils access:

{% if cms.canAccessUtils() %}
    <a href="/admin/utils">Utils</a>
{% endif %}

Boolean Permissions

Check mailer access:

{% if cms.canAccessMailer() %}
    <a href="/admin/mailer">Mailer</a>
{% endif %}

Check playground access:

{% if cms.canAccessPlayground() %}
    <a href="/admin/utils/twig-playground">Twig Playground</a>
{% endif %}

Check docs access:

{% if cms.canAccessDocs() %}
    <a href="/admin/docs">Documentation</a>
{% endif %}

Admin Check

Check if user is super admin:

{% if cms.isAdmin() %}
    <div class="admin-only-feature">
        <a href="/admin/utils/access-groups">Manage Access Groups</a>
    </div>
{% endif %}

Super admins bypass all access checks and have full access to everything.

Practical Examples

Conditional Navigation Menu

<nav>
    {% if cms.canAccessCollectionsMetaOperation('read') %}
    <a href="/admin/collections">Collections</a>
    {% endif %}

    {% if cms.canAccessSchemasOperation('read') %}
    <a href="/admin/schemas">Schemas</a>
    {% endif %}

    {% if cms.canAccessTemplates() %}
    <a href="/admin/templates">Templates</a>
    {% endif %}

    {% if cms.canAccessUtils() %}
    <a href="/admin/utils">Utils</a>
    {% endif %}

    {% if cms.isAdmin() %}
    <a href="/admin/utils/access-groups">Access Groups</a>
    {% endif %}
</nav>

Filtered Collection List

<ul>
{% for collection in collections %}
    {% if cms.canAccessCollection(collection.id, 'read') %}
    <li>
        <a href="/admin/collections/{{ collection.id }}">{{ collection.name }}</a>

        {% if cms.canAccessCollection(collection.id, 'create') %}
        <a href="/admin/collections/{{ collection.id }}/new">New Item</a>
        {% endif %}

        {% if cms.canAccessCollectionMeta(collection.id, 'update') %}
        <a href="/admin/collections/{{ collection.id }}/settings">Settings</a>
        {% endif %}
    </li>
    {% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</ul>

Collection Object Actions

<div class="object-actions">
    {% if cms.canAccessCollection(collection, 'create') %}
    <a href="/admin/collections/{{ collection }}/new" class="btn">New Object</a>
    {% endif %}

    {% if cms.canAccessCollection(collection, 'update') %}
    <button class="btn" data-action="edit">Edit</button>
    {% endif %}

    {% if cms.canAccessCollection(collection, 'delete') %}
    <button class="btn btn-danger" data-action="delete">Delete</button>
    {% endif %}
</div>

Schema Management Buttons

<div class="schema-actions">
    {% if cms.canAccessSchemasOperation('create') %}
    <a href="/admin/schemas/new" class="btn">New Schema</a>
    {% endif %}

    {% if cms.canAccessSchema(schema.id, 'update') %}
    <a href="/admin/schemas/{{ schema.id }}/edit" class="btn">Edit</a>
    {% endif %}

    {% if cms.canAccessSchema(schema.id, 'delete') %}
    <button class="btn btn-danger" data-schema="{{ schema.id }}">Delete</button>
    {% endif %}
</div>

Common Access Group Configurations

Full Admin

{
    "id": "admin",
    "description": "Full administrative access",
    "permissions": {
        "collectionsMeta": {
            "operations": ["create", "read", "update", "delete"],
            "all": true,
            "allowed": []
        },
        "collections": {
            "operations": ["create", "read", "update", "delete"],
            "all": true,
            "allowed": []
        },
        "schemas": {
            "operations": ["create", "read", "update", "delete"],
            "all": true,
            "allowed": []
        },
        "templates": true,
        "mailer": true,
        "playground": true,
        "docs": true,
        "utils": {
            "all": true,
            "allowed": []
        },
        "settings": {
            "all": true,
            "allowed": []
        }
    }
}

Content Editor

{
    "id": "editor",
    "description": "Full CRUD access to specific collections",
    "permissions": {
        "collectionsMeta": {
            "operations": ["read"],
            "all": false,
            "allowed": ["blog", "news"]
        },
        "collections": {
            "operations": ["create", "read", "update", "delete"],
            "all": false,
            "allowed": ["blog", "news"]
        },
        "schemas": {
            "operations": ["read"],
            "all": false,
            "allowed": ["blog", "news"]
        },
        "templates": false,
        "mailer": false,
        "playground": true,
        "docs": true,
        "utils": {
            "all": false,
            "allowed": []
        },
        "settings": {
            "all": false,
            "allowed": []
        }
    }
}

Read-Only Viewer

{
    "id": "viewer",
    "description": "Read-only access to all collections",
    "permissions": {
        "collectionsMeta": {
            "operations": ["read"],
            "all": true,
            "allowed": []
        },
        "collections": {
            "operations": ["read"],
            "all": true,
            "allowed": []
        },
        "schemas": {
            "operations": ["read"],
            "all": true,
            "allowed": []
        },
        "templates": true,
        "mailer": false,
        "playground": true,
        "docs": true,
        "utils": {
            "all": false,
            "allowed": []
        },
        "settings": {
            "all": false,
            "allowed": []
        }
    }
}

Single Collection Specialist

{
    "id": "blogger",
    "description": "Full CRUD access to blog collection only",
    "permissions": {
        "collectionsMeta": {
            "operations": ["read"],
            "all": false,
            "allowed": ["blog"]
        },
        "collections": {
            "operations": ["create", "read", "update", "delete"],
            "all": false,
            "allowed": ["blog"]
        },
        "schemas": {
            "operations": ["read"],
            "all": false,
            "allowed": ["blog"]
        },
        "templates": false,
        "mailer": false,
        "playground": true,
        "docs": true,
        "utils": {
            "all": false,
            "allowed": []
        },
        "settings": {
            "all": false,
            "allowed": []
        }
    }
}

Best Practices

Use UI Controls Everywhere: Always check permissions before showing links, buttons, or forms. Don't rely on middleware alone - good UX means hiding what users can't access.
Check Appropriate Operations: Use the appropriate CRUD operation for the action:
- read for viewing/listing
- create for creating new resources
- update for modifying existing resources
- delete for deleting resources
Distinguish Collections from Collection Metadata:
- Use canAccessCollection() for working with objects within a collection
- Use canAccessCollectionMeta() for managing collection definitions
Graceful Degradation: Hide buttons/actions users can't perform rather than showing disabled buttons.
Admin-Only Features: Use cms.isAdmin() for features that should never be delegated (like managing access groups, API keys, or user accounts).
Operation-Level Checks: Use general operation checks (e.g., canAccessCollectionsOperation()) for listing pages where no specific resource is selected yet.
Principle of Least Privilege: Grant users only the minimum permissions they need to accomplish their tasks.

Admin-Only Routes

Some routes require super admin access and cannot be delegated via access groups:

Access Groups Management: /admin/utils/access-groups
API Key Management: /admin/apikeys/*
User Management: /admin/users/*

These routes use AdminOnlyMiddleware which only allows super admin users.

CRUD Operations Reference

Operation	Purpose	Example Use Case
`create`	Create new resources	Add new blog post, create collection
`read`	View/list resources	View blog posts, list schemas
`update`	Modify existing resources	Edit blog post, update collection settings
`delete`	Remove resources	Delete blog post, remove collection

Access Groups

Overview

Access Group Structure

CRUD Operations

Permission Types

Collections

Collection Metadata (collectionsMeta)

Collection Objects (collections)

Schemas

Templates

Settings

Utils

Boolean Permissions

Twig Helper Functions

Collections

Schemas

Templates

Utils

Boolean Permissions

Admin Check

Practical Examples

Conditional Navigation Menu

Filtered Collection List

Collection Object Actions

Schema Management Buttons

Common Access Group Configurations

Full Admin

Content Editor

Read-Only Viewer

Single Collection Specialist

Best Practices

Admin-Only Routes

CRUD Operations Reference

Related Documentation

Collection Metadata (`collectionsMeta`)

Collection Objects (`collections`)